Plains Bison

Physical Description

A mature bull can reach 5.5-6.5 feet high at the hump and 9-12.5 feet in length, while females are normally smaller, only reaching 5 feet high. Bison have a large hump over the front shoulders and slimmer hindquarters. Both male and female bison have a single set of short, sharply pointed, hollow horns that curve outward and up. Heavy coats are shed in the spring as the animals roll to loosen the hair, which falls off in gobs.

Predators

Because of their size and powerful bodies, bison do not have many predators. However, sick, injured, or elderly individuals may be preyed on by mountain lions, bears, or wolves.

Lifespan

Their average lifespan is 15-20 years.

Reproduction

Bison are usually found in bands arranged by sex, age, season, and habitat. Males will protect their mate during the breeding season and will often lose 200 lbs or more during this time. The breeding season usually lasts from June to September with a gestation period of approximately 285 days. Females give birth to 1 calf away from the herd and will nurse them for 7-8 months before weaning them at about 1 year old.

Fun Facts

• The North American Bison is split into two groups: the Plains Bison and the Wood Bison. Bison were once widespread and found from Alaska to northern Mexico, but the current range occupied by conservation herds has diminished to one percent of its original status.
• Bison are the largest terrestrial animal in North America and can weigh between 1,800 to 2,400 pounds.

Conservation Messaging

Bison were once widespread and found from Alaska to northern Mexico, but the current range occupied by conservation herds has diminished to one percent of its original status. One thing that we can do is support sustainable agriculture practices. By purchasing products that are certified by organizations such as the Rainforest Alliance and Bird Friendly, you are helping in the conservation of forests and habitats around the world.